Chapter [Sarga] 43
Introduction
kR^itvaa vasumatiim raama vatsaram samupaasata || 1-43-1
umaapatiH pashupatii raajaanam idam abraviit || 1-43-2
shirasaa dhaarayiSyaami shailaraaja sutaam aham ||1-43-3
tadaa saa ati mahat ruupam kR^itvaa vegam ca duHsaham ||1-43-4
aakaashaat apatat raama shive shiva shirasy uta |
vishaami aham hi paataalam strotasaa gR^ihya sha.nkaram |
tirobhaavayitum buddhim chakre trinayanaH tadaa |
himavat pratime raama jaTaa maNDala gahvare |
na eva saa nirgamam lebhe jaTaa maNDala a.ntataH |
taam apashyan punaH tatra tapaH paramam aasthitaH |
visasarja tato ga.ngaam haro bindu saraH prati |
hlaadinii paavanii caiva nalinii ca tathaa eva ca |
tisraH praaciim disham jagmuH ga.ngaaH shiva jalaaH shubhaaH || 1-43-12
tisraH etaa disham jagmuH pratiichiim tu shubha udakaaH ||1-43-13
bhagiiratho api rajar.hSi divyam sya.ndanam aasthitaH || 1-43-14
praayaat agre mahaatejaa ga.nga tam ca api anuvrajat |
asarpata jalam tatra tiivra shabda puraskR^itam |
patadbhiH patitaiH ca eva vyarocata vasu.mdharaa |
vyalokayanta te tatra gaganaat gaam gataam tadaa |
paariplava gataaH ca api devataaH tatra viSThitaaH |
didR^ikSavo deva gaNaaH samiiyuH amita ojasaH |
shata aadityam iva aabhaati gaganam gata toyadam |
vidyudbhiH iva vikSiptaiH aakaasham abhavat tadaa |
shaarada abhraiH iva aakriiNam gaganam ha.msa sa.mplavaiH |
vinatam kvacit uddhuutam kvacit yaati shanaiH shanaiH |
muhur uurdhva patham gatvaa papaata vasudhaam punaH |
vyarocata tadaa toyam nirmalam gata kalmaSam |
bhava a.nga patitam toyam pavitram iti paspR^ishuH |
kR^itvaa tatra abhiSekam te babhuuvuH gata kalmaSaaH |
punaH aakaasham aavishya svaan lokaan pratipedire |
kR^ita abhiSeko ga.ngaayaam babhuuva gata kalmaSaH |
praayaat agre mahaaraajaaH tam ga.ngaa pR^iSThato anvagaat |
gandharva yakSa pravaraaH sa ki.nnara mahoragaaH |
sarpaaH ca apsaraso raama bhagiiratha ratha anugaaH || 1-43-32
ga.ngaam anvagaman priitaaH sarve jala caraaH ca ye |
jagaama saritaam shreSThaa sarva paapa praNaashinii |
ga.nga sa.mplaavayaamaasa yaj~na vaaTam mahatmanaH |
apibat tu jalam sarvam ga.ngayaaH parama adbhutam |
puujayanti mahatmanam jahnum puruSha sattamam |
ga.ngam ca api nayanti sma duhitR^itve mahaatmanaH || 1-43-37
tasmaat jahnu sutaa ga.nga procyate jaahnavii iti ca || 1-43-38
saagaram ca api sa.mpraptaa saa sarit pravaraa tadaa ||1-43-39
rasaatalam upaagacChat siddhyartham tasya karmaNaH |
pitamahaan bhasma krutam apashyat gata chetanaH |
plaavayat puuta paapmaanaH svargam praptaa raghu uttama ||1-43-41
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Wednesday, January 5, 2011
Chapter [Sarga] 43
Book I : Bala Kanda - The Youthful Majesties
Ganga descends to earth by the extraordinary effort of Bhageeratha. Shiva agrees to the alighting of Ganga on His head and from where she is released into a lake called Bindusarovar, and from there she flows in seven courses. On land Bhageeratha ushers her up to netherworld dug by his ancestors where heaps of ashes of his grandparents are there, and she enters accordingly to inundate those mounds of ashes according salvation to the souls.
deva deve gate tasmin so a.nguSTha agra nipiiDitaam |
1. raama= oh, Rama; tasmin deva deve gate= that, god, of gods [Brahma,] on leaving; saH= he Bhageeratha; vasumatiim= earth; anguSTha agra= with big toe, tip of; ni piiDitaam= fully, pressurising; kR^itvaa= on making so; vatsaram upaasata= for one year, he prayed - practised ascesis.
"When the god of gods Brahma left from there Bhageeratha stood on the tip of his big-toe praying for the mercy of Lord Shiva for one year, while that tip of his big-toe pressurised the earth." Thus Vishvamitra continued his narration about Bhageeratha's effort to bring Ganga to earth. [1-43-1]
Bhageeratha stood on one big-toe with an unwavering intent and bodily movement, and with his hands upraised in prayer for a period of one year by day and night, sustaining himself on mere air, and thus his yogic concentration increased and that alone pressurised the earth.
atha sa.mvatsare puurNe sarva loka namaskR^itaH |
2. atha samvatsare puurNe= after, one year, on completion; sarva loka namakR^itaH= by all, worlds, venerated; umaa patiH pashu patii= Uma's, consort, animal's, god of, [god Shiva]; raajaanam idam abraviit= to king, this, spoke.
"On completion of one year, he who is venerated by all worlds, the consort of Uma and the god of animals from insects to humans, that god Shiva revealed himself and spoke this to the king. [1-43-2]
priitaH te aham narashreSTha kariSyaami tava priyam |
3. nara shreSTha= oh, among humans, the best one; aham te priitaH= I am, of your - ascesis, happy; tava priyam kariSyaami= your, cherish, I will fulfil; aham= I will; shaila raaja sutaam= mountain, king's - Himavanta's, daughter - Ganga; shirasaa dhaarayiSyaami= by my head, I sustain.
"Oh, best one among humans, I am delighted with your unwavering effort, and I will fulfil your cherish. I will therefore sustain Ganga, the daughter of king of mountains by my head. [1-43-3]
tato haimavatii jyeSThaa sarva loka namaskR^itaa |
4, 5a. raama= oh, Rama; tataH= afterwards; haimavatii jyeSThaa= Himavanta's, elder daughter; sarva loka namaH kR^itaa= by all, worlds, who is reverenced - such a Ganga; tadaa= then; ati mahat ruupam= supremely, great - unendurable, form; duH saham vegam ca= not, supportable, rapidity, also; kR^itvaa= on assuming; aakaashaat= from the sky; shive= auspicious; shiva shirasi apatat= Shiva's, on head, plunged; uta= they say.
"Afterwards, she who is reverenced by all the worlds and who is the elder daughter of Himavanta, that Ganga assuming an unendurable form and an insupportable rapidity, they say, then plunged from the sky onto the auspicious head of Shiva. [1-43-4, 5a]
acintayaH ca saa devii ga.nga parama dur.hdharaa ||1-43-5
5b, 6a. parama dur dharaa= extremely, un, endurable one; saa devii gangaa= she, that goddess, Ganga; acintayat ca= speculated, also; aham strotasaa shamkaram gR^ihya= I will, by streams, Shankara, on taking - by whisking; paataalam vishaami hi= into netherworld, I will enter, indeed.
"She who is an extremely unendurable river that goddess Ganga even speculated saying to herself, 'let me enter netherworld, indeed whisking Shiva with my streams.' [1-43-5b, 6a]
tasyaaH valepanam j~natva kruddhaH tu bhagavan haraH || 1-43-6
6b, 7a. tri nayanaH bhagavan haraH= three, eyed, god, Shiva; tasyaaH valepanam j~natva= her, egotism, on discerning; tadaa= then; kruddhaH tu= infuriated, on his part - Shiva; tirobhaavayitum buddhim chakre= to restrain - to pent-up, thinking, made - thought of.
"Discerning her egotism god Shiva is infuriated, and then on his part that Three-eyed god Shiva thought to pent her up in the tufts of his head-hair. [1-43-6b, 7a]
saa tasmin patitaa puNyaa puNye rudrasya muur.hdhani||1-43-7
7b, 8a. raama= oh, Rama; saa puNyaa= she, that holy river; himavat pratime= to Himalayas, equalling; jaTaa maNDala gahvare= in matted hair-tufts, curls of, [similar to] mountain caves - cavernous curls; tasmin rudrasya puNye muurdhani= on that, of Rudra's, holy, on head; patitaa= she has fallen - swooped on - and became a detainee in those curls.
"And oh, Rama, she that holy River Ganga swooped down into the cavernous curls of matted hair-tufts on the holy head of God Shiva, and she became a detainee in them. [1-43-7b, 8a]
saa katha.mcit mahiim ga.ntum na ashak.hnot yatnam aasthitaa ||1-43-8
8b, 9a. saa= she, Ganga; yatnam aasthitaa= strive, though sit on - though she strived hard; kathamcit= someway; mahiim gantum= earth, to go - to reach; na ashaknot= not, capable of; jaTaa maNDalam= from matted hair-tuft, coils; antataH= from any edge of; nir gamam= out, going - exiting, outlet; saa na eva lebhe= she, not, thus, got - gained no access - hence held there in durance vile.
"Though she strove hard in one way or another to reach the earth that Ganga is rendered incapable, as she could not gain access for an outlet from any edge of the coils of matted hair-tufts of Shiva, hence she is held there in durance vile. [1-43-8b, 9a]
tatra eva aaba.mbhramat devii sa.mvatsara gaNaan bahuun ||1-43-9
9b, 10a. devii= goddess - Ganga; bahuun samvatsara gaNaan= for many, years, number of; tatra eva= there [in coils of tufts,] alone; aabam bhramat= round and round, whirled; taam a pasyan= her [Ganga,] on not, seeing - Bhageeratha; punaH tatra= again, in that matter - of her descent; parama tapaH asthitaH= in marvellous, penance, firmed up.
"Goddess Ganga whirled round and round in the coils of tufts alone for many number of years, and when Ganga's emanation from those coils is intangible Bhageeratha again firmed up in a marvellous penance in the matter of her descent to earth. [1-43-9b, 10a]
sa tena toShitaH ca asiit atya.ntam raghuna.mdana || 1-43-10
10b, 11a. raghunamdana= oh, Rama, of Raghu's dynasty; tena= with that - ascesis; haraH atyantam toShitaH asiit= Shiva, very much, delighted, he became; tataH= thereupon; saH= he - that Shiva; gangaam bindu saraH prati= Ganga, Bindu, lake, towards; visasarja ca= released, also.
"Oh, Rama, the legatee of Raghu, with that ascesis of Bhageeratha god Shiva is very much delighted, and thereupon he has also released Ganga aiming at Bindu Lake in Himalayas. [1-43-10b, 11a]
tasyam visR^iujyamaanaayaam sapta srota.msi jaj~nire || 1-43-11
11b, 12. tasyaam= of her; visR^iujyamaanaayam= while being released; sapta srotaamsi jaj~nire= seven, streams, emerged; hlaadinii paavanii caiva= Hladini, Paavani, also thus; nalinii ca tathaa eva ca= Nalini, also, thus; shivaa jalaaH= streams having - holy, waters; tisraH= three; shubhaaH gangaaH= auspicious, Ganga-s; praaciim disham jagmuH= towards east, direction, gone - flowed.
"While god Shiva released Ganga into Bindu Lake seven streams have emerged out of it, and thus three auspicious Ganga-s with holy waters have cruised eastward which are known as Hlaadini, Paavani, and Nalini. [1-43-11b, 12]
suchakshuH ca eva siitaa ca sindhuH ca eva mahaanadii |
13. suchakshuH= Sucakshu; siitaa ca Seetha, also; sindhuH mahaa nadii eva ca= Sindhu, excellent, river, thus, also; shubhaH udakaaH= those that have - holy, waters; etaaH tisraH= these, three - rivers; pratiichiim disham jagmu= westerly, to direction, have gone - flowed.
"Also thus Sucakshu, Seetha, and the excellent river Sindhu are the other three rivers which streamed to the westward direction with their holy waters. [1-43-13]
saptamii ca anvagaat taasam bhagiiratha ratham tadaa |
14, 15a. taasam= of them; saptamii= seventh Ganga; tadaa= then; bhagiiratha ratham anvagaat ca= Bhageeratha's, chariot, followed path, also; mahaatejaa rajaR^ishi bhagiirathaH api= great resplendent, sagely king, Bhageeratha, even; divyam syandanam aasthitaH= divine, on chariot, sitting on; agre= in front; pra yaat= well, journeyed - moved ahead; ganga ca api= Ganga, also, even; tam anuvrajat= him, followed.
"Of them the seventh Ganga flowed towards the path of Bhageeratha' chariot, and that great-resplendent and kingly sage Bhageeratha sitting in a divine chariot moved ahead and even Ganga followed him. [1-43-14, 15a]
gaganaat sha.nkara shiraH tato dharaNim aagataa || 1-43-15
15b, 16a. gaganaat shamkara shiraH= from heaven, to Sankara's, head; tataH dharaNim aagataa= from there, onto earth, she came; tatra= there; jalam= water; tiivra shabda purarskR^itam= with tumultuous, sound, emanating first; asarpata= pushed forward - advanced.
"Thus Ganga came from heavens onto Shankara's head and from there onto the earth, and there on earth her waters advanced with a tumultuous sound advancing them. [1-43-15b, 16a]
The River Ganga is also called as tri patha gaa 'she courses in three ways...' of which one kind of thinking is that she flowed from Himalayas to heaven, from heaven to Shiva's head and from there to earth. In the above context also, she is said to have the three-way-flow, i.e., one is eastward flow, second westward flow and the third is southward flow as led by Bhageeratha. The westward river Sindhu is the Indus and the eastward Nalini, which is now called as river Brahmaputra, while Ganga proper courses a little to south to move towards the ocean.
matsya kacChapa sa.nghaiH ca shishumaara gaNaiH tathaa || 1-43-16
16b, 17a. tathaa= then; vasundhara= earth is; patitaiH= already fallen; patatbhiH ca eva= still falling, also, thus - with Ganga's spates; matsya kacChapa sanghaiH ca= of fishes, tortoises, shoals of, also; shishumaara gaNaiH= porpoises [toothed whales,] number of; [anyaiH ca= with other marine beings, also]; vi arochat= verily, shone forth.
"The earth then verily shone forth with the shoals of fish, schools of tortoises, and scores of porpoises and other aquatic beings that have already fallen and that are still falling in step with the spates of Ganga. [1-43-16b, 17a]
tato deva R^iSi ga.ndharvaa yakSa siddha gaNaaH tathaa || 1-43-17
17b, 18a. tataH= later; te= they; deva R^iSi gandharvaa yakSaaH= gods, sages, gandharva-s, Yaksha-s; siddha gaNaaH= siddha-s, assemblages of; tadaa tathaa= then, in that way; gaganaat gaam gataam= from heaven, to earth, proceeded to - reached, swoop of; tatra vyalokayanta= there, they have curiously seen.
"Later, they the gods, sages, gandharva-s, yaksha-s, and the assemblages of siddha-s have then seen there the swoop of Ganga in that way from heaven to earth, with curiosity. [1-43-17b, 18a]
vimaanaiH nagara aakaaraiH hayaiH gaja varaiH tathaa ||1-43-18
18b, 19a. tathaa= then; devataaH= gods; nagara aakaaraiH vimaanaiH= city like, in shape and size, who are with aircrafts - some of them; paariplava gataaH= in franticness, which have gone in - horses prancing, elephants staggering; hayaiH= with horses - some of them; gaja varaiH= with elephants, best ones - some of them; tatra viSThitaaH= at that place, they entered - in firmament.
"Some of the gods with aircrafts that are like cities in their shape and size, and some with horses that are prancing, and some with best elephants that are staggering, at the very sight of plunging Ganga, have entered the firmament at that place. [1-43-18b, 19a]
tat adbhutatamam loke ga.ngaa avataram uttamam ||1-43-19
19b, 20a. loke= in world - in universe; adbhuta tamam= marvel, to a higher degree of comparison - highest; uttamam= benignant; gangaa patanam= Ganga's, plunge; didR^ikSavaH= anxious to see; amita ojasaH= those that have - unlimited, animation; deva gaNaaH sameyuH= gods, assemblages, have come together. This verse implicitly compares her dynamism and the routine dynamism of gods in general.
"The gods whose animation is unlimited, and who are anxious to see the plunge of Ganga, have come together in assemblages, which plunge is a highest marvel in the universe by a better degree of her illimitable animation than that of gods who came to see, and even benignant to the world in according water and salving souls, which those gods cannot do. [1-43-19b, 20a]
sa.mpatadbhiH sura gaNaiH teSaam ca aabharaNa ojasaa || 1-43-20
20b, 21a. gata toyadam gaganam= gone, clouds, sky - sky clear of clouds; sam patadbhiH= well, coming falling - falteringly coming - stampeding; sura gaNaiH= gods, hosts of; teSaam aabharaNa ojasaa= with their, ornaments, with glitter of; shata aadityam iva= a hundred, suns, as if - having; sky is; aabhaati= shone forth.
"The glitter of the ornaments of hosts of gods who are in stampede, made the cloudless sky to shine as if it is with a hundred of suns. [1-43-20b, 21a]
shi.mshumaara uraga gaNaiH miinaiH api ca ca.ncalaiH || 1-43-21
21b, 22a. tadaa= at that time; shimshumaara uraga gaNaiH= with porpoises, reptiles, scores of; cancalaiH miinaiH api ca=with wriggling, fishes, even, also - that are falling and rising with streams; aakaasham= sky; vidyudbhiH vikSiptaiH iva= flashes of lightning, strewn, as if; abhavat= sky - became, became flashy.
"At that time, with the falling and rising of scores of porpoises and reptiles, even with the wriggling fishes, the sky became flashy as if flashes of lightning are strewn over it. [1-43-21b, 22a]
paaNDuraiH salila utpiiDaiH kiiryamaaNaiH sahasradhaa ||1-43-22
22b, 23a. sahasradhaa kiiryamaaNaiH= in thousands of ways - innumerably, bespattered; paaNDuraiH= whitish; salila ut piiDaiH= water's upward, pressure - born out of= with froth; gaganam= sky; hamsa saMplavaiH= swans, with flights of; shaarada abhraiH= with autumnal, silver-clouds; aakriiNam iva= spread over, as if - the sky is.
"Spattered innumerably with the whitish froth from the splashes of Ganga, and stippled with the flights of swans, the sky is as though overspread with silver-clouds of autumn. [1-43-22b, 23a]
kvacit drutataram yaati kuTilam kvacit aayatam ||1-43-23
23b, 24a. kvacit= somewhere; druta taram= speed, in higher degree - precipitately; yaati= she courses [Ganga]; kvacit kuTilam yaati= elsewhere, sinuously, she courses; kvacit aayatam yaati= somewhere, straightly, she courses; kvacit= elsewhere; vi natam= verily, head-bent - sloppily; yaati= she goes; [kvacit= somewhere]; ut dhuutam= up, shoved - gushingly, she goes; [kvacit= elsewhere]; shanaiH shanaiH yaati= slowly, slowly - leisurely and tardily, she cruises.
"Somewhere Ganga is coursing precipitately, elsewhere sinuously, somewhere else staightly, elsewhere sloppily, somewhere gushingly, and somewhere else her cruise is leisurely and tardily. [1-43-23b, 24a]
Vividly
"Somewhere Ganga is coursing precipitately in declivities, elsewhere sinuously on zigzag lands, somewhere else staightly on uniform lands, elsewhere sloppily in canting lands, somewhere gushingly in craggy lands, and somewhere else her cruise is leisurely in flatlands and tardily in uplands.
salilena eva salilam kvacit abhyaahatam punaH || 1-43-24
24b, 25a. kvacit= somewhere; salilam= water; salilena eva= by water, alone; punaH= again - repeatedly; abhi aahatam= towards, knocking - colliding with, crashing into; muhuH= recurrent; uurdhva patham gatvaa= upper, way on going - billowing upwards; vasudhaam punaH papaata= on earth, again, has fallen - refluent tide making a nosedive.
"Somewhere her water repeatedly knocking against her own water is recurrently billowing upwards only to make nosedive onto earth. [1-43-24b, 25a]
tat sha.mkara shiro bhraSTam bhraSTam bhuumi tale punaH ||1-43-25
25b, 26a. shamkara shiraH bhraSTam= on Sankara's, on head, that which slipped - flounced down; punaH= later; bhuumi tale bhraSTam= on earth's, surface, slipped - coasted down; gata kalmaSam= rid of, blemish - impeccable; nir malam= without, impurity - immaculate; tat toyam= that, water - of Ganga; tadaa vyarocata= then, shone forth - became outstanding river.
"That impeccable and immaculate water of Ganga then became outstanding as it has flounced down from heaven primarily onto the head of Shankara, and therefrom it has coasted down onto the earth. [1-43-25b, 26a]
tatra R^iSi gaNa gandharvaa vasudhaa tala vaasinaH 1-43-26
26b, 27a. tatra= at that place; R^iSi gaNa gandharvaa= sages, assemblages, gandharva-s; and; vasudhaa tala vaasinaH= on earth's, surface, residents of; bhava anga patitam toyam= from Bhava's - Shiva's, body - head, fell from - descended, water; pavitram iti= holy, [asserting] thus; pa spR^ishuH= touched - sipped.
"And asserting that the water as holy, because it descended touching the body of Shiva, viz., the head of Shiva, the assemblages of sages, gandharva-s, and those that are residents on the plane of earth have sipped that water at that place. [1-43-26b, 27a]
shaapaat prapatitaa ye ca gaganaat vasudhaa talam ||1-43-27
27b, 28a. ye ca= those, also; shaapaat gaganaat= by curse, from sky - heaven; vasudhaa talam prapatitaaH= onto earth's, surface, fallen down; te= they; tatra= in that - in water of Ganga; abhiSekam kR^itvaa= head-bath, on taking; gata kalmaSaaH babhuuvuH= gone, blemishes - free from blemishes, they became.
"Also those that have fallen from heaven onto the surface of earth by some curse or the other, they too became blemishless on taking head-bath in the water of Ganga. [1-43-27b, 28a]
dhuuta paapaaH punaH tena toyena atha shubha anvitaa || 1-43-28
28b, 29a. tena= by that - water; subha anvitaa toyena= hallowing, having, water; dhuuta paapaaH= washed away, whose sins are; punaH aakaasham aavishya= again, to sky, on entering - transiting skyward; atha= then; punaH svaam lokaan pratipedire= again, their own, empyrean-worlds, they obtained,.
"When sins are washed away with the hallowing water of Ganga, they again transited skyward and then obtained their own empyrean worlds once again. [1-43-28b, 29a]
mumude mudito lokaH tena toyena bhaasvataa || 1-43-29
29b, 30a. lokaH= people; bhaasvataa tena toyena= by splendorous, by that, water; mumude= [people are] blissful; gangaayaam= in Ganga; kR^ita abhiSekaH= that have taken, head-bath; vi gata klamaH= totally, removed, strain - strain of sins; muditaH= [people] blissfully; babhuuva= [people] became - lived blissfully ever after.
"With her splendorous water people are blissful, and on taking dip-baths in Ganga they are totally removed of the strains of their sins, and they lived blissfully ever after. [1-43-29b, 30a]
bhagiiratho raajarSiH divyam sya.ndanam aasthitaH ||1-43-30
30b, 31a. [iti= in this way]; mahaa tejaa rajaR^ishi bhagiirathaH= highly resplendent, sagely king, Bhageeratha; divyam syandanam aasthitaH= divine, on chariot, sitting on; agre= in front; pra yaat= well, journeyed - moved ahead; tam= him; gangaa pR^iSThataH [samyak= very well - continuously] anvagaat= Ganga, at his behind, followed - this is continued action.
"In this way, the great-resplendent and kingly sage Bhageeratha sitting in a divine chariot continuously moved ahead and Ganga continually followed him at his behind. [1-43-30b, 31a]
This verse is almost similar to the verse No. 14 above. But here, the continuous actions of both the leader and the led are implied with ellipses - 'in this way', and 'continuously.'
devaaH sa R^iSi gaNaaH sarve daitya daanava raakSasaaH || 1-43-31
31b, 32, 33a. raama= oh, Rama; sa R^iSi gaNaaH= with, sages, assemblages of; devaaH= gods; sarve= all of the; daitya daanava raakSasaaH= ogres, monsters, demons; sa kinnara mahaa uragaaH= with kinnara-s, great reptiles; gandharva yakSa pravaraaH= gandharva-s, yaksha-s, the best ones; sarpaaH= serpents [or, sarvaaH= all]; apsarasaH ca= apsara-s, also; priitaaH= becoming delighted; bhagiiratha ratha anugaaH= Bhageeratha's, chariot, one who is following; gangaam= after Ganga; anvagaman= moved after; ye jala caraaH= which, water, moving beings; ca also - in fact; sarve= all of them - followed.
"Oh, Rama, all of the gods along with the assemblages of sages, ogres, monsters, demons, and even great reptiles with kinnara-s, and gandharva-s with best yaksha-s, and even serpents and apsara-s, have delightfully moved after Ganga who is following the chariot of Bhageeratha, and why they, in fact, all of the aquatic beings have followed Ganga. [31b, 32, 33a]
yato bhagiiratho raajaa tato ga.ngaa yashasvinii || 1-43-33
33b, 34a. raajaa bhagiirathaH= king, Bhageeratha; yataH= whichever [direction he proceeded]; yashasvinii= glorious one; saritaam shreSThaa= among rivers, prominent - River Ganga; sarva paapa pra Naashinii= all, sins, complete, obliterator; such as she is; gangaa= Ganga; tataH= to there; jagaama= advanced.
"In whichever direction king Bhageeratha has advanced, that glorious River Ganga, who is the prominent river among all the rivers and the complete obliterator of sins, has also moved at his behind in that direction. [1-43-33b, 34a]
tato hi yajamaanasya jahnoH adbhuta karmaNaH ||1-43-34
34b, 35a. tataH= then; ganga= Ganga; yajamaansya= who is an officiator of a Vedic-ritual; adbhuta karmaNaH= one with marvellous, deeds; mahaatmanaH= of great-souled one; jahnoH= of sage Jahnu; yaj~na vaaTam= Vedic-ritual, field of ritual; sam plaavayaamaasa= fully, started to inundate.
"While in flow she started to completely inundate the field of Vedic-ritual belonging to the great-souled sage Jahnu, who is of marvellous deeds and who is presently an officiator of an ongoing Vedic-ritual. [1-43-34b, 35a]
tasayaa valepanam j~natva kR^iddho jahnuH ca raaghava || 1-43-35
35b, 36a. raaghava= oh, Raghava; jahnuH ca= sage Jahnu, on his part; tsayaaH valepanam j~natva= her, proudness - hubris, on knowing; kR^iddhaH= becoming irritated; gangayaaH sarvam jalam tu= Ganga's, all, water, but; parama adbhutam= causing extreme, marvel; apibat= drank off.
"But on knowing her hubris, oh, Raghava, that sage Jahnu has become irritated and causing an extreme marvel he drank off all the water of Ganga. [1-43-35b, 36a]
tato devaaH sa ga.ngharva R^iSayaH ca su vismitaaH || 1-43-36
36b, 37. tataH= thereupon; sa gangharva devaaH= with, gandharva-s, gods; R^ishayaH ca= sages, also; su vismitaaH= are highly, astounded; and they then; puruSha sattamam= to human, ablest; mahatmanam= great-souled one; jahnum puujayanti= at sage Jahnu, they started to worship; gangam ca= of Ganga, even; mahaa atmanaH= of great-souled sage Jahnu; duhitR^itve= in daughterhood; api nayanti sma= even, taken as - to ascribe, deigned to, they are.
"Thereupon, the gods along with gandharva-s and sages at that extremely marvellous feat of Sage Jahnu are highly astounded, and they then started to worship that ablest human and great-souled sage Jahnu, and even deigned for the daughterhood of Ganga to that high-souled sage Jahnu. [1-43-36b, 37]
tataH tuSTaH mahaatejaaH shrotraabhyaam asR^iujat prabhuH |
38. tataH tuSTaH= then, who is delighted; mahaatejaaH prabhuH great-radiant, godly sage - Jahnu; shrotraabhyaam asR^iujat= from two ears, created - released Ganga; tasmaat- therefore; ganga jahnu sutaa= Ganga, sage Jahnu's, daughter, - she became; jaahnavi iti ca= Jahnavi, as, also; pra ucyate= well, said - renowned as.
"That greatly radiant and godly sage Jahnu is then delighted and released Ganga from both of his ears. Therefore Ganga became the daughter of sage Jahnu, and she is also renowned as Jahnavi, after the name of that sage. [1-43-38]
jagaama ca punaH ga.nga bhagiiratha ratha anugaa |
39, 40a. ganga punaH= Ganga, again; bhagiiratha ratha anu gaa= Bhageeratha's, chariot, behind, while moving - following; jagaama ca= proceeded, further; tadaa= then; saa= she; sarit pra varaa= river, exceptionally, superior one; saagaram ca= ocean, also; sam praptaa api= well, reached, even though; tasya karmaNaH siddhyartham= his - Bhageeratha's, mission, to accomplish; rasaatalam= to rasaatala - netherworld; upa aa gacChat= near, coming, gone - arrived, had to wend her way.
"Even though Ganga again proceeded moving behind the chariot of Bhageeratha and reached the ocean, therefrom she had to wend her way to netherworld, once dug by the sons of Sagara, only to accomplish the mission of Bhageeratha, namely drenching the ashes of Sagara's sons. [1-43-39, 40a]
Some take the word saagaram as the netherworld dug by the sons of Sagara and omit the mention of her ocean-bound travel.
bhagiiratho api rajaarSi ga.ngam aadaaya yatnataH || 1-43-40
40b, 41a. rajaarSi bhagiirathaH api= kingly-sage, Bhageeratha, even; yatnataH= making every effort; gangam aadaaya= Ganga, on taking - ushering; gata chetanaH= diina cetanaH= with a pitiable, heart - became doleful; bhasma kR^itan pitamahaan= ashes, made as, grandparents; apasyat= he has seen.
"Even kingly-sage Bhageeratha making every effort ushered Ganga to netherworld, but on seeing his grandparents rendered to ashes he has became doleful. [1-43-40b, 41a]
atha tat bhasmanaam raashim ga.nga salilam uttamam |
41b, c. raghu uttama= oh, Raghu, the best; atha= then; uttamam ganga salilam= holy, Ganga's, water; tat bhasmanaam raashim= that, of ashes, mound; plaavayat= inundated; puuta paapmaanaH= cleansing, sins - of souls of Sagara's sons; svargam praptaa= heaven, obtained.
"Oh, Rama, the best of Raghu's dynasty, then Ganga inundated that mound of ashes of Sagara's six-thousand sons, by which those souls obtained heaven, while the sins of souls are cleansed with the water of Ganga." Thus Vishvamitra continued his narration. [1-43-41b, c]
iti vaalmiiki raamaayaNe aadi kaavye baala kaaNDe tri catvaarimshaH sargaH
Thus, this is the 43rd chapter in Bala Kanda of Valmiki Ramayana, the First Epic poem of India.
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